Efficient Water-Cooled Bitter-Type Electromagnet for Zeeman Slowing in Cold-Atom Experiments

arXiv:2510.21064v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We describe the design, construction, and characterization of a Bitter-type electromagnet that produces a spatially-dependent magnetic field used for Zeeman slowing in cold-atom experiments. The coil consists of stacked copper arcs separated by PTFE spacers of varying thicknesses, generating a near-optimal field profile using a single power supply. With an electrical resistance of $26.5(3)$~m$Omega$ and self-inductance of $19.1(1)$~$mu$H, our design achieves a fast electrical switching time of $tau approx 180$~$mu$s in a compact, 30-cm-long package. Water circulating helically through holes in the copper and channels in the spacers ensures efficient thermal management, limiting the temperature rise to $sim 5^circ$~C over $36$~s of continuous operation at $200$~A.

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