Energies, Vol. 18, Pages 6579: Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of Residential Solar and Battery Systems in Japan Considering Outage Mitigation and Battery Degradation
Energies doi: 10.3390/en18246579
Authors:
Masashi Matsubara
Masahiro Mae
Ryuji Matsuhashi
Residential photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems (PV/BESS systems) are gaining attention as a measure against natural disasters and rising electricity prices. This paper aims to propose an operational strategy that balances electricity cost reductions, battery lifespans, and outage mitigation for the residential PV/BESS system. The optimization model considering battery degradation determines normal operations with balancing cost reductions and degradation. Additionally, a rule-based approach simulates system performance during various outages and evaluates supply continuity using a resilience metric: the percent continuous supply hour. Outage mitigation benefits are quantified by considering the distribution of residential values of lost load (VoLLs). Results show that the operation considering degradation maintains a high state of charge (SoC) at all times. For 25.7% of households with large demand, electricity cost reductions exceed equipment costs. Outage simulations demonstrate that the mean energy supplied during a 48-h outage ranges from 14 kWh to 26.7 kWh. Furthermore, the proposed operation increases the resilience metric from 20% to 30% under severe and unpredictable outages. Finally, incorporating outage mitigation benefits increases the proportion of households adopting PV/BESS systems by 21.5% points.